Strong electricity / strong current generally refers to the power system used for power, lighting, etc., the voltage is usually 220V and above, with common voltages being 220V, 380V, etc., such as household electricity and industrial electricity.
Weak electricity / weak current is mainly used for information transmission and control, with the voltage generally below 36V, like the common 5V, 12V, 24V, etc., such as the electricity used in network signals, telephone signals, monitoring systems, etc.
Purpose
Strong current is used to transmit energy and provide power to various electrical equipment, so that the equipment can work normally, such as driving high-power electrical appliances such as air conditioners, refrigerators, lights, and electric motors.
Weak current is mainly used to transmit information and signal control, realise data transmission, exchange and processing, such as network communication so that computers can access the Internet, transmit voice information through telephone lines, use weak current signals of monitoring systems for image and data transmission and control, and realise intelligent control of various equipment through weak current signals in smart homes.
Features
Strong current is larger, and the power is also larger, which will produce a large energy loss in the transmission process.
Strong electricity has higher requirements for the line, and thicker wires need to be used, and the insulation performance and voltage resistance level of the line have strict standards to ensure the safety of electricity and avoid dangerous accidents such as electric shock and fire.
Weak current is smaller, the power is lower, and the energy loss is relatively small.
Weak current pays more attention to the stability and anti-interference ability of the signal, because the signal is easily disturbed by external factors during transmission, such as electromagnetic interference, which affects the transmission quality of information. Therefore, in the weak current system, some anti-interference measures are usually taken, such as the use of shielded wires, reasonable wiring, etc.
Application
Strong electricity is widely used in the power supply system of households, industries, businesses and other places, such as lighting circuits and socket circuits in homes, power supply circuits in factories, and central air conditioning power supply in shopping malls.
Weak electricity is widely used in the field of intelligence and informatization, such as integrated wiring systems (networks, telephones), security monitoring systems, building automation control systems (such as lift control, access control systems), as well as computer networks, communication systems, radio and television systems, etc.
Cabling requirements
When wiring strong current, the bearing capacity of the wire should be considered, and the wire of the appropriate specification should be selected according to the power of the electrical equipment.
It is necessary to keep a certain distance between strong electric lines to avoid mutual interference, and at the same time, grounding protection measures should be taken to ensure the safety of electricity.
Special attention should be paid to the transmission quality of the signal when wiring weak current to minimize the attenuation and interference of the signal.
Weak current lines and strong current lines usually need to be routed separately because the magnetic field generated by strong current lines may cause interference to weak current signals. For example, in home renovation, network cables and electrical wires cannot be threaded in the same conduit.
Security Risks
Due to the high voltage and high current of strong current, once leakage, short circuit and other faults occur, it is easy to cause electric shock accidents, and may even lead to serious consequences such as fire, which poses a greater threat to personal and property safety.
The weak current voltage is low, and it will not cause life danger to people under normal circumstances, and the safety risk is relatively small, but if the weak current system fails, it may lead to problems such as information transmission interruption and equipment inability to control normally, affecting the normal operation of the system.
